The security of artificial intelligence (AI) is an important research area towards safe, reliable, and trustworthy AI systems. To accelerate the research on AI security, the Artificial Intelligence Security Competition (AISC) was organized by the Zhongguancun Laboratory, China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Tsinghua University, and RealAI as part of the Zhongguancun International Frontier Technology Innovation Competition (https://www.zgc-aisc.com/en). The competition consists of three tracks, including Deepfake Security Competition, Autonomous Driving Security Competition, and Face Recognition Security Competition. This report will introduce the competition rules of these three tracks and the solutions of top-ranking teams in each track.

使用隔室模型的多种方法已被用于研究Covid-19的大流行，并且使用这些模型的机器学习方法的使用取得了特别明显的成功。我们在这里提出了一种使用“物理知情的神经网络”（PINN）的变体来分析Covid-19美国开发的可访问数据的方法，该方法能够使用模型的知识来帮助学习。我们说明了使用标准PINN方法的挑战，然后如何对网络进行适当和新颖的修改，即使在我们的信息不完整的情况下，网络也可以表现出色。还评估了模型参数的可识别性方面，以及使用小波变换来降低可用数据的方法。最后，我们讨论了神经网络方法与不同参数值模型合作的能力，以及在估计人群中如何有效测试案例的具体应用，从而通过各自提供了美国州的排名测试。

当测试图像提出看不见的分布时，深层分割模型通常会面临故障风险。改善模型鲁棒性针对这些风险的鲁棒性对于深层模型的大规模临床应用至关重要。在这项研究中，受到人类学习周期的启发，我们提出了一个新颖的在线反思学习框架（REFSEG），以改善细分鲁棒性。基于启用概念的反射概念，我们的refseg首先驱动了深层模型以采取行动以获得语义分割。然后，refseg触发模型以反映自身。因为使深层模型在测试过程中意识到他们的细分失败是具有挑战性的，所以RefSeg合成了从语义面具中综合的逼真的代理图像，以帮助深层模型构建直观有效的反射。该代理翻译并强调了分割缺陷。通过最大程度地提高原始输入和代理之间的结构相似性，可以改善分割鲁棒性的反射循环。 REFSEG在测试阶段运行，并且是分割模型的一般性。通过公共心脏MR数据集和两个内部大型超声数据集对三个医疗图像细分任务进行了广泛的验证，这表明我们的refseg显着提高了模型的鲁棒性，并报告了与强大竞争对手有关的最先进的表现。

本文通过控制功能级别的RGB图像和深度图之间的消息，介绍了RGB-D显着对象检测的新型深神经网络框架，并探索有关RGB和深度特征的远程语义上下文和几何信息推断出明显的对象。为了实现这一目标，我们通过图神经网络和可变形的卷积制定动态消息传播（DMP）模块，以动态学习上下文信息，并自动预测消息传播控制的过滤权重和亲和力矩阵。我们将该模块进一步嵌入基于暹罗的网络中，分别处理RGB图像和深度图，并设计多级特征融合（MFF）模块，以探索精制的RGB和深度特征之间的跨级信息。与六个基准数据集上用于RGB-D显着对象检测的17种最先进的方法相比，实验结果表明，我们的方法在定量和视觉上都优于其他所有方法。

3D点云的卷积经过广泛研究，但在几何深度学习中却远非完美。卷积的传统智慧在3D点之间表现出特征对应关系，这是对差的独特特征学习的内在限制。在本文中，我们提出了自适应图卷积（AGCONV），以供点云分析的广泛应用。 AGCONV根据其动态学习的功能生成自适应核。与使用固定/各向同性核的解决方案相比，AGCONV提高了点云卷积的灵活性，有效，精确地捕获了不同语义部位的点之间的不同关系。与流行的注意力体重方案不同，AGCONV实现了卷积操作内部的适应性，而不是简单地将不同的权重分配给相邻点。广泛的评估清楚地表明，我们的方法优于各种基准数据集中的点云分类和分割的最新方法。同时，AGCONV可以灵活地采用更多的点云分析方法来提高其性能。为了验证其灵活性和有效性，我们探索了基于AGCONV的完成，DeNoing，Upsmpling，注册和圆圈提取的范式，它们与竞争对手相当甚至优越。我们的代码可在https://github.com/hrzhou2/adaptconv-master上找到。

当前的最佳性能模型用于知识图推理（KGR）将几何学对象或概率分布引入嵌入实体，并将一阶逻辑（fol）查询引入低维矢量空间。它们可以总结为中心尺寸框架（点/框/锥，β/高斯分布等）。但是，它们具有有限的逻辑推理能力。而且很难概括到各种功能，因为中心和大小是一对一的约束，无法具有多个中心或尺寸。为了应对这些挑战，我们相反提出了一个名为“特征逻辑嵌入框架Flex”的新颖的KGR框架，这是第一个KGR框架，它不仅可以真正处理所有运营，包括连词，析取，否定，否定等等，而且还支持各种操作特征空间。具体而言，特征逻辑框架的逻辑部分是基于向量逻辑的，它自然地对所有FOL操作进行了建模。实验表明，FLEX在基准数据集上明显优于现有的最新方法。

Abstractive dialogue summarization has long been viewed as an important standalone task in natural language processing, but no previous work has explored the possibility of whether abstractive dialogue summarization can also be used as a means to boost an NLP system's performance on other important dialogue comprehension tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel type of dialogue summarization task - STRUctured DiaLoguE Summarization - that can help pre-trained language models to better understand dialogues and improve their performance on important dialogue comprehension tasks. We further collect human annotations of STRUDEL summaries over 400 dialogues and introduce a new STRUDEL dialogue comprehension modeling framework that integrates STRUDEL into a graph-neural-network-based dialogue reasoning module over transformer encoder language models to improve their dialogue comprehension abilities. In our empirical experiments on two important downstream dialogue comprehension tasks - dialogue question answering and dialogue response prediction - we show that our STRUDEL dialogue comprehension model can significantly improve the dialogue comprehension performance of transformer encoder language models.

The advance of computer-aided detection systems using deep learning opened a new scope in endoscopic image analysis. However, the learning-based models developed on closed datasets are susceptible to unknown anomalies in complex clinical environments. In particular, the high false positive rate of polyp detection remains a major challenge in clinical practice. In this work, we release the FPPD-13 dataset, which provides a taxonomy and real-world cases of typical false positives during computer-aided polyp detection in real-world colonoscopy. We further propose a post-hoc module EndoBoost, which can be plugged into generic polyp detection models to filter out false positive predictions. This is realized by generative learning of the polyp manifold with normalizing flows and rejecting false positives through density estimation. Compared to supervised classification, this anomaly detection paradigm achieves better data efficiency and robustness in open-world settings. Extensive experiments demonstrate a promising false positive suppression in both retrospective and prospective validation. In addition, the released dataset can be used to perform 'stress' tests on established detection systems and encourages further research toward robust and reliable computer-aided endoscopic image analysis. The dataset and code will be publicly available at http://endoboost.miccai.cloud.

Lack of factual correctness is an issue that still plagues state-of-the-art summarization systems despite their impressive progress on generating seemingly fluent summaries. In this paper, we show that factual inconsistency can be caused by irrelevant parts of the input text, which act as confounders. To that end, we leverage information-theoretic measures of causal effects to quantify the amount of confounding and precisely quantify how they affect the summarization performance. Based on insights derived from our theoretical results, we design a simple multi-task model to control such confounding by leveraging human-annotated relevant sentences when available. Crucially, we give a principled characterization of data distributions where such confounding can be large thereby necessitating the use of human annotated relevant sentences to generate factual summaries. Our approach improves faithfulness scores by 20\% over strong baselines on AnswerSumm \citep{fabbri2021answersumm}, a conversation summarization dataset where lack of faithfulness is a significant issue due to the subjective nature of the task. Our best method achieves the highest faithfulness score while also achieving state-of-the-art results on standard metrics like ROUGE and METEOR. We corroborate these improvements through human evaluation.

Harvesting question-answer (QA) pairs from customer service chatlog in the wild is an efficient way to enrich the knowledge base for customer service chatbots in the cold start or continuous integration scenarios. Prior work attempts to obtain 1-to-1 QA pairs from growing customer service chatlog, which fails to integrate the incomplete utterances from the dialog context for composite QA retrieval. In this paper, we propose N-to-N QA extraction task in which the derived questions and corresponding answers might be separated across different utterances. We introduce a suite of generative/discriminative tagging based methods with end-to-end and two-stage variants that perform well on 5 customer service datasets and for the first time setup a benchmark for N-to-N DialogQAE with utterance and session level evaluation metrics. With a deep dive into extracted QA pairs, we find that the relations between and inside the QA pairs can be indicators to analyze the dialogue structure, e.g. information seeking, clarification, barge-in and elaboration. We also show that the proposed models can adapt to different domains and languages, and reduce the labor cost of knowledge accumulation in the real-world product dialogue platform.